Neuroplasticity & Back Pain

Exploring the Implications of Heidi Haavik's Research on Neuroplasticity in Chiropractic Practices

1. Introduction to Neuroplasticity and Chiropractic Care

The concept of neuroplasticity refers to the inherent ability of the brain to reorganize itself by creating and modifying synaptic connections in response to different stimuli and input. This remarkable and highly specialized characteristic of the human brain was a relatively unknown and underappreciated trait that was brought to the public's attention through various research studies in the late 1990s. Specifically, research on lifelong learning and the rehabilitation of stroke patients revealed that the adult human brain should not be seen as a static and unchangeable structure, as previously believed, but rather as adaptable and dynamic. It has the capability to access untapped potential, acquire new skills, and enhance areas of learning.

Neuroscience research remains an area of great excitement, with new discoveries and potential applications being reported at a rapid pace. Traditionally, the brain was seen as hard-wired and unchangeable after the first three years of life, with the majority of synaptic connections dying off in a process called 'synaptic pruning.' However, recent advances in medical imaging have challenged this assumption and revealed the malleable, resilient, and dynamic nature of the adult brain. This capacity for self-alteration is known as neuroplasticity, and it is the central focus of this blog which is going to be of the current research. Neuroplasticity is a fascinating field that explores the brain's ability to reorganize itself in response to new situations or experiences. Heidi Haavik's research has shed light on how chiropractic care can influence this process, offering new insights into the potential benefits of such treatments.

2. Heidi Haavik's Research Contributions in the Field

Heidi Haavik's extensive research endeavors in the field of neuroplasticity have afforded her profound insights into the potential impact of spinal function on the sensorimotor nervous system. These investigations have yielded significant progress in fortifying the crucial correlation between spinal functions and the sensorimotor nervous system. Specifically, Haavik's discoveries offer substantial contributions in elucidating the neurophysiological underpinnings of the effects and mechanisms of action of chiropractic spinal adjustments in the human body. The implications of these research endeavors substantiate the scientific justifications for the fundamental principles of chiropractic, which have traditionally posed challenges in aligning with established research findings in other realms of healthcare. (Haavik et al.2022)

Haavik's research delves into the impact of chiropractic spinal adjustments on sensorimotor function, examining alterations in somatosensory processing and sensorimotor integration through somatosensory evoked potentials. Various studies showcasing consistent enhancements following the adjustment yield compelling evidence to elucidate the mechanisms of change linked to the spinal adjustment's influence on the sensorimotor nervous system. Moreover, neurophysiological evidence substantiates the occurrence of post-adjustment changes in the sensorimotor nervous system, affirming that the chiropractic spinal adjustment transcends mere mechanical manipulation or a placebo effect. (Haavik et al.2021)

3. Applications of Neuroplasticity Concepts in Chiropractic Practices

It appears that ongoing challenges, such as work-related stress or pain, can keep the sympathetic nervous system active, leading to reductions in plasticity and repair. Many chronic pain patients exhibit sustained sympathetic activity, and evidence supports the link between muscle pain and algesia, decreased muscle plasticity, and increased stiffness. The impact of reduced plasticity in the muscles should not be underestimated, as muscle activity plays a crucial role in coordination, balance, sensory perception, and joint stabilization. The lack of flexibility in shortened and stiff muscles likely contributes significantly to the poor motor control and coordination observed in pain patients. Research on neuroplasticity and the chiropractic vertebral subluxation suggest that incorporating specific exercises targeting muscle flexibility in chiropractic treatments may enhance motor control and coordination in patients so that their overall function and well-being can be improved. At Peak Chiropractic, we use this research to tailor specific treatment plans to improve overall function. This personalized approach allows us to optimize clientsoutcomes and ensure long-term success in their journey. (Nagappan et al., 2020)

Although we have made significant strides in understanding the neurobiological impacts of chiropractic adjustments, there are still a multitude of research inquiries that remain unexplored. The sensory and motor integration deficits observed in chiropractic patients stem from reduced functionality in the spinal joints, which can have profound implications on overall well-being. The intricate connection between the spinal muscles and their impact on sensory and motor function cannot be underestimated. Recent studies have shown that when the spinal muscles are not functioning properly, it can also lead to sensory and motor dysfunction. This highlights the complexity of the human body and the need for further exploration in this fascinating field. After a decade of being around, we are still continually developing our knowledge so that we can give our clients the best possible care. One key application of neuroplasticity concepts in chiropractic practices is the idea of retraining the brain to create new, healthier movement patterns. (Haavik et al.2021)(Niazi et al.2024)

References:

Haavik, H., Niazi, I.K., Amjad, I., Kumari, N., Rashid, U., Duehr, J., Navid, M.S., Trager, R.J., Shafique, M. and Holt, K., 2022. The Effects of Four Weeks of Chiropractic Spinal Adjustments on Blood Biomarkers in Adults with Chronic Stroke: Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(24), p.7493. mdpi.com

Haavik, H., Kumari, N., Holt, K., Niazi, I.K., Amjad, I., Pujari, A.N., Türker, K.S. and Murphy, B., 2021. The contemporary model of vertebral column joint dysfunction and impact of high-velocity, low-amplitude controlled vertebral thrusts on neuromuscular function. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 121(10), pp.2675-2720. springer.com

Nagappan, P. G., Chen, H., & Wang, D. Y., 2020. Neuroregeneration and plasticity: a review of the physiological mechanisms for achieving functional recovery postinjury. Military Medical Research. springer.com

Niazi, I.K., Navid, M.S., Merkle, C., Amjad, I., Kumari, N., Trager, R.J., Holt, K. and Haavik, H., 2024. A randomized controlled trial comparing different sites of high-velocity low amplitude thrust on sensorimotor integration parameters. Scientific Reports, 14(1), p.1159. nature.com